India’s rich forest and wildlife heritage is vital to our ecological balance and cultural legacy. This chapter explores the types, distribution, and conservation of these resources across the country. With increasing threats from human activities, understanding the importance of biodiversity has become more crucial than ever. To help you revise effectively, we’ve compiled important MCQs from this chapter. Practice these questions to strengthen your preparation for the Class 10 Geography exam!
1. India is considered one of the richest countries in terms of:
Answer: C. Biological diversity
2. Why are forests and wildlife under stress lately?
Answer: C. Due to insensitivity to the environment
3. What is the main reason for conserving forests and wildlife?
Answer: B. For preserving air, water, and soil systems
4. Which Act was passed in 1972 for wildlife protection in India?
Answer: B. Wildlife (Protection) Act
5. What was the main focus of the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972?
Answer: C. Protecting endangered species and their habitats
6. Which of the following animals is included under full or partial legal protection?
Answer: D. All of the above
7. What is the current focus of conservation projects in India?
Answer: C. Biodiversity as a whole
8. Which of the following small species have now found a place in conservation planning?
Answer: B. Insects
9. When were insects like butterflies and beetles added to the protected species list?
Answer: B. 1980 and 1986
10. In which year were plants first added to the list of protected species?
Answer: B. 1991
11. Which authority manages most of the forest and wildlife resources in India?
Answer: C. Forest Department or other government departments
12. Which type of forest constitutes more than half of the total forest land in India?
Answer: B. Reserved Forests
13. Reserved forests are considered most valuable for:
Answer: C. Conservation of forest and wildlife resources
14. What percentage of the total forest area is under protected forests?
Answer: B. One-third
15. What are unclassed forests?
Answer: C. Forests and wastelands owned by government or communities
16. Reserved and protected forests together are known as:
Answer: C. Permanent forest estates
17. Which Indian state has the largest area under permanent forests?
Answer: B. Madhya Pradesh
18. States like Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal have large percentages of:
Answer: C. Reserved forests
19. Which group of states have most of their forests classified as protected forests?
Answer: B. Bihar, Haryana, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Odisha, Rajasthan
20. Forests in the North Eastern states and parts of Gujarat are mainly:
Answer: C. Unclassed forests
21. Which movement in the Himalayas successfully resisted deforestation?
Answer: B. Chipko Movement
22. Which law was cited by villagers in Sariska Tiger Reserve to fight against mining?
Answer: D. Wildlife Protection Act
23. What is the name of the forest declared protected by villagers in Alwar, Rajasthan?
Answer: B. Bhairodev Dakav 'Sonchuri'
24. Which community movement focused on saving indigenous seeds and ecological farming in Tehri?
Answer: C. Beej Bachao Andolan
25. When was the Joint Forest Management (JFM) programme formally started in India?
Answer: B. 1988
26. Which state passed the first resolution for the Joint Forest Management programme?
Answer: C. Odisha
27. What is the core idea behind JFM?
Answer: C. Involvement of local communities in protecting degraded forests
28. What benefits do local communities receive under JFM?
Answer: C. Share in timber and non-timber forest produce
29. What has been the major contribution of the Chipko Movement?
Answer: C. Conservation through community afforestation
30. What are Sacred Groves?
Answer: B. Patches of forest protected due to religious or cultural beliefs
31. When was 'Project Tiger' launched in India to conserve the tiger population?
Answer: B. 1973
32. Which trees are worshipped by the Mundas and Santhals of Chota Nagpur region?
Answer: C. Mahua and Kadamba
33. Which animals are commonly protected around Bishnoi villages in Rajasthan?
Answer: B. Blackbuck, Nilgai, and Peacocks
34. Which of the following is the correct definition of biodiversity?
Answer: C. The immense variety of living organisms and their interdependent relationships in a system
35. Which of the following is NOT a major threat to the tiger population as mentioned in the text?
Answer: C. Increasing tiger population